ISE19/20-21
主題: | 衞生事務 |
香港
澳洲
全國性回收藥物計劃
(a) | 可回收的藥品種類:可回收的藥品包括口服藥物、眼藥水、滴耳藥水、軟膏和凝膠,以及中藥/草藥等,但不包括針筒和針咀。寵物的藥品亦可回收。由於每家藥房均可回收藥品,民眾無需特別前往原先購自的藥房交回藥品;
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(b) | 操作流程:藥房會騰出一個安全位置擺放RUM回收箱,以便存放交回的藥品。藥房必須按照訂明程序回收藥物。26註釋符號代表請參閱the National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited (2021d)。 一般來說,藥房需先移除藥物的外層包裝,然後放進回收箱,而回收箱應放置在藥房的當眼位置,但不能讓公眾人士接近。在回收藥物的過程中,社區藥劑師可跟進有關人士的臨床情況,並決定他們是否需要接受進一步諮詢或診治。當處理嗎啡及美沙酮等受管制藥物時,藥劑師必須採取額外措施(視乎各州的回收程序規定,例如在棄置於回收箱前須作有關記錄,並碾碎該等藥物)。27註釋符號代表請參閱the National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited (2021b)。 當回收箱裝滿後,收回的藥物會送往藥品批發商的倉庫,再安排經高温焚化爐燒毀;28註釋符號代表在澳洲,超過一半廢物會循環再造,另外四分之一則送往堆填區處置。請參閱Australian Bureau of Statistics (2020)。 及
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(c) | 經費來源:社區藥房免費為公眾回收藥品,而監察計劃的工作則由一家全國性非牟利公司負責。RUM計劃所有開支由政府承擔,當中包括生產RUM回收箱、運輸及倉存、焚化等所需的費用,以及相關管理費。當地政府為該計劃共預留1,510萬澳元(8,090萬港元),作為在2018-2019年度至2021-2022年度期間的經費,29註釋符號代表請參閱GrantConnect (2018)。 以4年合計,有關金額相當於約3港元的人均預算成本。 |
結語
立法會秘書處
資訊服務部
資料研究組
鍾浩邦
2021年4月29日
香港
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1. | Audit Commission. (2016) Hospital Authority's drug management.
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2. | Food and Health Bureau. (2016) Drug Management of the Hospital Authority. LC Paper No. CB(2)386/16-17(03).
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3. | GovHK. (2007) LCQ9: Dispensing error in private clinics.
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4. | GovHK. (2013) LCQ8: Clinical waste.
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5. | GovHK. (2017a) LCQ14: Use and disposal of drugs.
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6. | GovHK. (2017b) New function added to pharmacy mobile app "TouchMed".
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7. | GovHK. (2018) Second phase of Drug Refill Services E-Fill rolled out.
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8. | GovHK. (2019a) LCQ7: Elderly persons receiving specialist outpatient services.
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9. | GovHK. (2019b) LCQ9: Pharmacists practising in community pharmacies.
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10. | GovHK. (2019c) LCQ21: Disposal of waste medicine from households.
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11. | Hong Kong Baptist University. (2018) HKBU study: Antibiotics in landfills pose public health risk.
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12. | Hospital Authority. (2021) "E-FILL" Drug Refill Services Pilot Programme.
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13. | News.gov.hk. (2020) Pharmacies help during COVID-19.
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14. | 《【海灘血針筒】醫療廢物襲南丫島 利針拮傷清潔義工 落石灘小心》,《香港01》,2018年4月19日。
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15. | 《愉景灣海灘再現醫療廢物 團體促從源頭堵截》,《東網》,2017年6月29日。
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16. | 醫院管理局:《關懷短訊》,2016年。
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澳洲
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17. | Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2020) Waste Account, Australia, Experimental Estimates.
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18. | Department of Health. (2020a) Community Pharmacy Programs.
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19. | Department of Health. (2020b) COVID-19 limits on dispensing and sales at pharmacies.
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20. | Department of Health. (2020c) Limits on dispensing and sales of prescription and over-the-counter medicines.
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21. | Department of Health and Ageing. (2011) Evaluation Framework for the Fifth Community Pharmacy Agreement.
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22. | Federal Register of Legislation. (2020) National Health (Pharmaceutical Benefits) Regulations 2017.
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23. | GrantConnect. (2018) Archived Grant Opportunity View - GO986.
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24. | Griffith University. (2016) National Return and Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Project Audit 2016.
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25. | NPS MedicineWise. (2014) Appropriate use of dose administration aids.
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26. | Pharmacy Board of Australia. (2015) Guidelines for dispensing of medicines.
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27. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2017a) The Search To Find Australia's Oldest Medicine.
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28. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2017b) WIN with RUM and Mum Central!
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29. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2019) 10,000,000kgs of Unwanted Medicine Collected on 21st Anniversary of RUM Project.
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30. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021a) 20% Increase in Collections Following Brown Paper Bag Program.
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31. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021b) Blog.
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32. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021c) FAQs.
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33. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021d) Pharmacists.
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34. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021e) Return Unwanted Medicines.
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35. | The Pharmacy Guild of Australia. (2010) Community Pharmacy Roadmap Program Development Template.
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36. | The Pharmacy Guild of Australia. (2018) Vital facts on community pharmacy.
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其他
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37. | World Health Organization. (2011) Pharmaceuticals in Drinking-water.
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38. | World Health Organization. (2021) Promoting rational use of medicines.
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