ISE19/20-21
主题: | 卫生事务 |
香港
澳洲
全国性回收药物计划
(a) | 可回收的药品种类:可回收的药品包括口服药物、眼药水、滴耳药水、软膏和凝胶,以及中药/草药等,但不包括针筒和针咀。宠物的药品亦可回收。由于每家药房均可回收药品,民众无需特别前往原先购自的药房交回药品;
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(b) | 操作流程:药房会腾出一个安全位置摆放RUM回收箱,以便存放交回的药品。药房必须按照订明程序回收药物。26注释符号代表请参阅the National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited (2021d)。 一般来说,药房需先移除药物的外层包装,然后放进回收箱,而回收箱应放置在药房的当眼位置,但不能让公众人士接近。在回收药物的过程中,社区药剂师可跟进有关人士的临床情况,并决定他们是否需要接受进一步咨询或诊治。当处理吗啡及美沙酮等受管制药物时,药剂师必须采取额外措施(视乎各州的回收程序规定,例如在弃置于回收箱前须作有关记录,并碾碎该等药物)。27注释符号代表请参阅the National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited (2021b)。 当回收箱装满后,收回的药物会送往药品批发商的仓库,再安排经高温焚化炉烧毀;28注释符号代表在澳洲,超过一半废物会循环再造,另外四分之一则送往堆填区处置。请参阅Australian Bureau of Statistics (2020)。 及
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(c) | 经费来源:社区药房免费为公众回收药品,而监察计划的工作则由一家全国性非牟利公司负责。RUM计划所有开支由政府承担,当中包括生产RUM回收箱、运输及仓存、焚化等所需的费用,以及相关管理费。当地政府为该计划共预留1,510万澳元(8,090万港元),作为在2018-2019年度至2021-2022年度期间的经费,29注释符号代表请参阅GrantConnect (2018)。 以4年合计,有关金额相当于约3港元的人均预算成本。 |
结语
立法会秘书处
资讯服务部
资料研究组
锺浩邦
2021年4月29日
香港
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1. | Audit Commission. (2016) Hospital Authority's drug management.
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2. | Food and Health Bureau. (2016) Drug Management of the Hospital Authority. LC Paper No. CB(2)386/16-17(03).
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3. | GovHK. (2007) LCQ9: Dispensing error in private clinics.
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4. | GovHK. (2013) LCQ8: Clinical waste.
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5. | GovHK. (2017a) LCQ14: Use and disposal of drugs.
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6. | GovHK. (2017b) New function added to pharmacy mobile app "TouchMed".
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7. | GovHK. (2018) Second phase of Drug Refill Services E-Fill rolled out.
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8. | GovHK. (2019a) LCQ7: Elderly persons receiving specialist outpatient services.
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9. | GovHK. (2019b) LCQ9: Pharmacists practising in community pharmacies.
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10. | GovHK. (2019c) LCQ21: Disposal of waste medicine from households.
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11. | Hong Kong Baptist University. (2018) HKBU study: Antibiotics in landfills pose public health risk.
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12. | Hospital Authority. (2021) "E-FILL" Drug Refill Services Pilot Programme.
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13. | News.gov.hk. (2020) Pharmacies help during COVID-19.
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14. | 《【海滩血针筒】医疗废物袭南丫岛 利针拮伤清洁义工 落石滩小心》,《香港01》,2018年4月19日。
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15. | 《愉景湾海滩再现医疗废物 团体促从源头堵截》,《东网》,2017年6月29日。
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16. | 医院管理局:《关怀短讯》,2016年。
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澳洲
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17. | Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2020) Waste Account, Australia, Experimental Estimates.
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18. | Department of Health. (2020a) Community Pharmacy Programs.
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19. | Department of Health. (2020b) COVID-19 limits on dispensing and sales at pharmacies.
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20. | Department of Health. (2020c) Limits on dispensing and sales of prescription and over-the-counter medicines.
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21. | Department of Health and Ageing. (2011) Evaluation Framework for the Fifth Community Pharmacy Agreement.
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22. | Federal Register of Legislation. (2020) National Health (Pharmaceutical Benefits) Regulations 2017.
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23. | GrantConnect. (2018) Archived Grant Opportunity View - GO986.
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24. | Griffith University. (2016) National Return and Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Project Audit 2016.
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25. | NPS MedicineWise. (2014) Appropriate use of dose administration aids.
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26. | Pharmacy Board of Australia. (2015) Guidelines for dispensing of medicines.
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27. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2017a) The Search To Find Australia's Oldest Medicine.
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28. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2017b) WIN with RUM and Mum Central!
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29. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2019) 10,000,000kgs of Unwanted Medicine Collected on 21st Anniversary of RUM Project.
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30. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021a) 20% Increase in Collections Following Brown Paper Bag Program.
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31. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021b) Blog.
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32. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021c) FAQs.
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33. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021d) Pharmacists.
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34. | The National Return & Disposal of Unwanted Medicines Limited. (2021e) Return Unwanted Medicines.
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35. | The Pharmacy Guild of Australia. (2010) Community Pharmacy Roadmap Program Development Template.
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36. | The Pharmacy Guild of Australia. (2018) Vital facts on community pharmacy.
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其他
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37. | World Health Organization. (2011) Pharmaceuticals in Drinking-water.
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38. | World Health Organization. (2021) Promoting rational use of medicines.
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